Domino Rules

There are a variety of types of domino sets in use all over the world
and a great number of games that can be played with them. Following
are the rules for the two most commonly played games in the West - the
"standard" or "block" game and the "draw"
game. The instructions describe the games played with the standard
or "double-six" domino set comprising 28 tiles, but the games
can be played with a double-nine or a double-twelve set. A few variations
are given at the bottom of the page. In England these games tend
to be played in pubs by four players as two sets of partners sitting opposite
each other. Following is the game All Fives and variations - this
Dominoes game is very popular in the USA.

We have a separate page for Mexican
Train Dominoes rules.

The Block Game

The Start

The dominoes are ritually shuffled face down in circles with the flat
of the hand - producing a sound that has been familiar down the centuries.
Each player draws 6 dominoes and places them so that the other
players can't see their value. The traditional English pub method
of doing this is face down in two rows of three so that all six can be
picked up with both hands, looked at and returned leaving the other hand
free for the equally important business of drinking a pint. Beginners
can just place them on their edge in a row facing them. Remaining
dominoes are termed "sleeping" tiles.

The first person to play is that person holding the double-six, or failing
that the double-five and so on. The tile played must be the double
tile that permitted the player to take the first turn. If none of the
players hold a double, then the tiles are reshuffled and re-drawn.

The Play

Each player must in turn then play a tile onto the table positioning
it so that it touches either end of the domino chain which thus gradually
increases in length. A player may only play a tile which has upon
it a number showing at one end of the domino chain or the other.
If a player plays a domino with the result that both ends of the chain
show the same number (normally a number which is useful to the player
and distasteful to the opponents), that player is said to have "stitched
up" the ends.

The way that the tiles are placed provides a small part of the entertainment.
Each tile being placed must be positioned so that the two matching
ends are adjacent. Unless, the tile is a double, the tile can be
placed square in any one of the three directions as long as the two matching
sides are touching fully. Doubles are always placed cross-ways across
the end of the chain. A tile played to a double must also be placed
accordingly - perpendicular to the double touching at its middle.
The shape of the domino chain develops snake-line at random according
to the whims of the players and the limitations of the playing surface.

If a player can lay a domino, then it must be played. Otherwise the player
"knocks", or raps the table and play passes to the next player.
The opposing players will, of course, make mental note of the numbers
currently available on the table and try to ensure that they are available
in future too.....

The End

Normally play stops when one player "chips out" (plays his
last domino) although some versions require both partners to chip out.
If it reaches a point at which no player can proceed, the winners are
the partners whose combined sum of all spots on their remaining dominoes
is the least.

For scoring, some pubs would play a point per game. A more interesting
method, that might be scored using a cribbage board, has the winners score
the sum of all spots on the losers remaining tiles. In a game which
doesn't result in anyone chipping out, the winners would receive the difference
between the winners total spots and the losers total spots. A game can
be played to 100 points, say, or on a cribbage board, 121 points.

Variations

Games can also be played in the same way with two players (start with
8 tiles), three players (start with 6 tiles), five players (start with
5 tiles) or with four players without partnership.

The same game can be played with a double-twelve set (91 tiles) or a
double-nine set (55 tiles) domino sets. With a double-twelve set,
four players would pick 12 tiles each and with a double-nine set, nine
tiles would be taken at the start.

The Draw Game

Really no more than a variant of the Block game, the Draw Game is more
popular in many parts of the world. Players take less dominoes initially
but a player who cannot place a domino must pick a sleeping domino to
add to their set. When the sleeping dominoes run out, players simply
pass their turn when they cannot go. For this variation, two players
would start with 7 dominoes, three players with 5 tiles, four players
with 4 tiles and five players with 3 tiles.

The difference between the two games is that in the Draw Game, players
know that all the tiles will end up in play - this enables them to better
deduce what tiles other players might be holding. With the Block game,
since a few tiles remain sleeping and unknown throughout the game, a larger
element of uncertainty reigns.

Cross Dominoes

An extension to the Draw game, this variation gives players more options
and also takes up less table space!

The game is played in exactly the same way as the Draw game but with
a different start. After the first doublet is played, the next four tiles
played must be played against that doublet so as to form a cross. So for
this first doublet only, dominoes are played adjacent to all four sides
of the tile. Players may have to take sleeping tiles before this is accomplished
but as soon as the cross is complete, play continues as in the draw game.
Thus from that point on, each turn has four dominoes available to be played
against instead of two.

Double Nine Cross Dominoes

This variation is suitable for Double Nine sets. Two or three players
start with seven tiles each, four or more players start with five tiles
each. Play starts as per Cross dominoes with the second to fifth tiles
played forming a cross around the initial doublet. Thereafter play continues
as per the Draw game but whenever a doublet is laid down, two new chains
can start from it. Therefore, the number of available chains becomes much
larger than for previous games.

The same game starting with the same number of tiles per person should
be possible with Double Twelve sets, too.

All Fives

Also known as "Muggins" and "The Five Game", All
Fives is played with a double six set of dominoes by two to four players.
The dominoes are shuffled face down and each player takes five dominoes
(regardless of the number of players). The player with the highest
doublet plays first and turns proceed in a clockwise direction.
Scoring happens during and at the end of each game so it is important
to keep track constantly - a cribbage board is an ideal scoring tool.

The first player lays down any tile and play continues as in the Block
Game with each player laying down a tile so that the tile it connects
with matches in number. Players additionally attempt to lay down
tiles so that the sum of the numbers at either end of the chain add up
to 5 or a multiple of 5 because any such play adds that amount to the
score of the player. Doublets are laid down across the direction
of the chain as in the Block game and for the purposes totaling both ends
count as the total of all spots on the doublet. So, for instance,
if there is a 3 at one end of the chain and a 6 at the other, a player
could play the double 6 which would be useful because the ends would add
up to 3 + 6 + 6 = 15, a multiple of five. If there is a double five
at one end and a blank at the other, a player could play the double blank
so that the ends add up to 10.

Should a player lay down a tile so that the ends add up to a multiple
of five and fail to declare it, any player can shout "Muggins!"
as soon as the next tile is laid and claim the score instead. While
there are three or more sleeping tiles left in the middle of the table,
when a player cannot play, that player takes a sleeping tile instead.
Once there are only two sleeping tiles remaining, a player who cannot
play merely passes for that turn.

The game ends as soon as a player has no more tiles left or alternatively
when none of the players can play a tile. The winner is the player
who has no tiles left or, if no player managed to go out, the players
add up the spots on their remaining dominoes and the winner is the player
with the smallest total. Each loser subtracts the winner's spot
total (which is zero if the winner went out) from their spot total, rounds
the result to the nearest multiple of five and adds this quantity to the
score of the winner. For example, if the winner has a spot total
of 3, and the losers have respectively spot totals of 11, 6 and 5, the
total awarded to the winner is calculated as follows:

• Loser 1 subtracts the winner's spot total of 3 from 11 = 8 and rounds
  this to the nearest multiple of 5 which is 10.


• Loser 2 subtracts the winner's spot total of 3 from 6 = 3 and rounds
  this to the nearest multiple of 5 which is 5.


• Loser 3 subtracts the winner's spot total of 3 from 5 = 2 and rounds
  this to the nearest multiple of 5 which is 0.

So the winner gains 15 extra points.

The first player to reach a score of 100 wins the match.

All Fives and Threes

This game is played in the same way as All Fives except that multiples
of three now also count for points. So during the game, if a player
lays down a tile such that the ends add up to 6, that players scores 6
points for the multiple of 3. A total of 10 scores 10 points for
a multiple of five and a total of 15 scores 15 points (a multiple of five
and three). At the end of the game, the winner is simply awarded
the points from the losers remaining tiles or their differences on a point
for point basis.

Source